What are the components of electric cars?

What are the components of electric cars? With the increase in the problems of fossil fuel cars, it has become necessary for people to use better forms of energy to drive their cars which led to the existence of electric cars, which are known to be very efficient and consume less energy in making energy than the usual fuel which makes them environmentally friendly, and the idea of ​​electric cars has emerged Because of the global shortage of fuel reserves in the world.

Read more: Information about electric cars

Electric cars

According to statistics, almost every person owns a car or rents a car in their lifetime, and most of these vehicles are powered by an internal combustion system or diesel or gasoline engines.

These engines emit huge amounts of energy when ignited, which is then used to power the car, and these are the cars we’ve been driving for nearly a century with all their luxury and technology.

Nowadays, different types and manufacturers of cars around the world, there are vehicles that are restricted to certain places to support certain types of fuel.

However, new electric cars appeared, which may appear with a hybrid drive and another with a single electric drive, but the cleanest of them are powered by electric motors only, which are very few.

How do electric cars work?

1. Electric cars differ from traditional cars in the source of their energy, which is in the form of rechargeable batteries installed inside the car.
2. These batteries are not only used to power cars but are also used to power wipers and lights, but their exterior looks similar to many other regular cars.
3. But because there is no exhaust system, they differ from the inside from each other, for example, you will not find a fuel or gas tank, they do not use it to move the vehicle.
4. Thus, you will find battery cases under the car and sometimes in the trunk of the car, which is the same type of batteries that are usually used when starting a gasoline engine.
5. The only difference comes in the fact that it’s in electric cars.
6. The car contains a number of these batteries that store energy for use in the operation of most of the car’s interior components.
7. With a regulator to distribute the power in proportion to the consumption of each part and to ensure that the battery does not burn.
8. Moreover, the operability aspect of electric vehicles is interesting.
9. Other than the engine, the components are almost the same as those found in other cars.
10. For example, the climate control system, the brake system, the transmission systems, the airbags, and the biggest difference is the electric motor.

What are the components of electric cars?

• The three main components of electric cars that make them different from ordinary cars are the electric motor, the control unit, and the battery.
• The controller takes power from the battery and passes it to the electric motor.
• Before passing current to the motor, the control unit converts 300 volts of DC current to a maximum of 240 volts AC.
• The electric motor then converts the electrical energy into mechanical energy.
• Mechanical energy moves the car forward, and the controls act as an intermediary between the battery and the engine.
• Where it transfers energy from the battery and pumps it to the motor to run.
• Variable potentiometers are located between the motor and the controller and are responsible for delivering the proper power to the motor.
• The motor initially does not output any volts but when fully pressed it gives the maximum output.

Types of batteries in electric cars

We will mention the types of batteries in electric cars as follows:

Lithium-ion batteries:

Lithium-ion batteries provide additional performance and command the highest price.

They are lighter than other batteries and are the same batteries used to store data in digital cameras and smartphones.

Lead-acid batteries:

The most popular and cheapest batteries are 97% recyclable.

Nickel-metal hydride battery:

Called nickel-metal hydride batteries, they cost much more than lead-acid batteries but offer higher outputs and better performance.

Read more: Electric car battery components

How are electric cars charged?

1. Electric cars are charged in a way similar to charging electronic devices.
2. A charging cable is used to supply the car with a current of 230 volts through a public charging station or a home charging station.
3. The electric current flows to the charger, which converts the current into a format that is easily absorbed by the battery.
4. The current flow to the batteries to be stored so that it is retrieved again during the times the vehicle is running.
5. At the present time, the price of electric cars is rising exaggeratedly, and this is due to the scarcity and advanced technologies used to build them.
6. But soon it will start to decline, and of course, there are cheap cars, but every cheap one has its own problems and drawbacks.